World

Can ‘middle powers’ come together to build a new economic alliance?

Al Jazeera · 2026-09-17

AI SUMMARY

• What happened: Canada is seeking to strengthen economic ties with the European Union in response to U.S. tariffs and threats under the Trump administration, as articulated by Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and former Bank of England Governor Mark Carney. • Why it matters: This move aims to protect Canadian markets from external control and preserve national sovereignty, while also exploring the potential for a united front among middle powers to address aggressive trade policies from larger nations. • What to watch next: Observers will monitor the development of Canada-EU relations, including the controversial idea of Canada becoming an "associate member" of the EU, and how these alliances may influence global trade dynamics and diplomatic relations.

**Can ‘Middle Powers’ Come Together to Build a New Economic Alliance?**

In an era marked by rising tensions in international trade, Canada is seeking to strengthen its economic ties with the European Union (EU) as a strategic response to the challenges posed by the United States under the Trump administration. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s government is exploring new alliances to safeguard Canada’s economic interests in light of U.S. tariffs and threats.

Mark Carney, the former Governor of the Bank of England and a prominent figure in Canadian economic policy, recently addressed the European Parliament, emphasizing the importance of closer ties between Canada and the EU. Carney articulated that such a partnership would not only bolster economic cooperation but also ensure that Canadian markets remain free from external control and that the nation’s sovereignty is preserved.

The backdrop of these discussions is a growing sense of urgency among middle powers—countries that are not superpowers but still play significant roles in global affairs. Carney has called for these nations to unite and collaboratively address the coercive actions of more dominant states. This call to action was notably made earlier this year at the World Economic Forum, where he underscored the importance of solidarity among middle powers to mitigate the impacts of aggressive trade policies from larger nations.

The potential for a united front among middle powers raises questions about the effectiveness of Canada’s retaliatory tariffs on the U.S. as a model for Europe. Observers are considering whether Europe could adopt similar strategies in its dealings with the Trump administration. This discussion is particularly relevant as the EU navigates its own trade relationships and seeks to maintain its economic stability amidst external pressures.

The notion of Canada becoming an "associate member" of the EU has also been floated, a proposal that EU chief Ursula von der Leyen has suggested. However, this idea has not been without controversy, as President Trump has characterized such a move as a potential "hostile act" against the United States. This highlights the delicate balance that Canada and other middle powers must strike as they seek to forge new alliances without provoking the ire of more powerful nations.

The discussions on economic alliances are not limited to Canada and the EU. They also involve broader considerations of how middle powers can collaborate to enhance their global standing and economic resilience. The potential for a new economic alliance among these nations could reshape the landscape of international trade and diplomacy.

As Canada continues to navigate its relationship with the U.S. while seeking closer ties with the EU, the outcome of these efforts could have significant implications for global trade dynamics. The success of such alliances will depend on the ability of middle powers to present a cohesive strategy that addresses their collective interests while managing relationships with larger powers.

In conclusion, the exploration of a new economic alliance among middle powers, particularly between Canada and the EU, reflects a strategic shift in response to the current geopolitical climate. As these nations work towards building stronger ties, the effectiveness of their collaboration will be closely monitored by the international community, with potential repercussions for global trade practices and diplomatic relations.

Source: Al Jazeera
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