**Cyprus Commemorates 52nd Anniversary of Second Phase of Turkish Invasion**
On August 14, 2023, Cyprus marked the 52nd anniversary of the second phase of the Turkish invasion that began in 1974, a significant event in the island's contemporary history. The invasion, which lasted just three days, resulted in the occupation of key cities, including Famagusta and Morphou, and led to the displacement of around 200,000 Greek Cypriots from their homes.
In a statement on the occasion, Cyprus' Foreign Minister Constantinos Kombos emphasized the enduring impact of the invasion, declaring that Turkey's actions are "not forgiven and not covered up." He reiterated that the ongoing consequences of the invasion are not time-barred, underscoring a sentiment shared by many Cypriots who continue to seek justice and recognition for the events of 1974.
The second phase of the invasion, known as "Attilla II," was initiated shortly after the United Nations had called for an immediate ceasefire and an end to foreign military intervention in Cyprus on July 20, 1974. This UN resolution came in the wake of the first phase of the invasion, which had already caused significant turmoil on the island.
The breakdown of peace talks in Geneva provided Turkey with the pretext to escalate its military actions. Turkish forces, having already bolstered their presence on the island, launched their second offensive at approximately 3 a.m. on August 14. A coded message exchanged between Turkish Foreign Minister Turan Gunes and Prime Minister Bulent Ecevit signaled the commencement of the operation. The phrase “Ayse goes on vacation,” referring to Gunes' daughter, was the covert indication that the invasion was set to proceed.
Within a matter of days, Turkish tanks advanced towards Famagusta and Morphou, with the operation concluding by the evening of August 16. The Turkish military, supported by tanks and air power, effectively extended its control over approximately 36 percent of the island, establishing borders that remain in place today.
The consequences of the invasion were profound, leading to the displacement of a significant portion of the Greek Cypriot population. The loss of homes and communities has left a lasting mark on the collective memory of the Greek Cypriot people, many of whom continue to live with the repercussions of the conflict.
As Cyprus reflects on this anniversary, discussions surrounding reconciliation, justice, and the ongoing division of the island remain relevant. The events of 1974 serve as a reminder of the complex historical and political dynamics that continue to shape relations between the Greek and Turkish Cypriot communities.
The commemoration of this anniversary not only honors those affected by the invasion but also reinforces the commitment of the Cypriot government to seek resolution and recognition for the injustices faced during this turbulent period in the island's history.