Extreme heat threatens Italy’s Parmesan heartland

World climate crisisfoodItalyTop News Extreme heat threatens Italy’s Parmesan heartland Odm Castelvetro Di Modena @loris Tagliazucchi 02 1024x678 Relevant News Police question person over Saturday bomb threats 13 July 2026 Hungary parliament set to oust president in Magyar’s power shake-up 13 July 2026 Extreme heat threatens Italy’s Parmesan heartland 13 July 2026 newsroom 13 July 2026 FacebookXWhatsAppEmailPrintViber Fifty years ago, farmers in Italy’s Emilia-Romagna region used to open the windows in their barns at night during the summer to keep their cattle cool. Today, as heatwaves send temperatures soaring to record highs, those windows stay open round the clock to protect the cows, and ultimately their milk, the foundation of the area’s centuries-old Parmigiano Reggiano cheese industry. “Extreme heat impacts milk’s quality and quantity,” said Nicola Bertinelli, president of the Parmigiano Reggiano Consortium, who also runs the dairy farm that his family founded in 1895 on the outskirts of Parma. COSTS MOUNT AS CHEESE AGES With temperatures topping 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit), cows spend more time lying down, eat less and produce up to 10% less milk, one of the Parmigiano’s only three ingredients alongside salt and rennet. Production of authentic Parmigiano Reggiano is only allowed in five provinces, mostly in the Emilia-Romagna region, and cows must be fed exclusively with grass and hay grown there. “If it doesn’t rain, grass doesn’t grow, hay cannot be produced and it’s impossible to obtain the milk needed to make the cheese,” Bertinelli, 54, told Reuters. He and others have also installed fans and water-mist systems, but those extra cooling measures have sent their energy costs soaring. Rising bills are also hitting managers of the warehouses where cheese wheels are stored during the ageing process for at least 12 months, sometimes three years or even longer. More than 500,000 wheels of Parmigiano Reggiano, together worth more than €300 million, are stored in the two warehouses operated by Credito Emiliano EMBI.MI unit Magazzini Generali delle Tagliate (MGT) in the provinces of Reggio Emilia and Modena. “During this year’s peak heatwaves, our daily energy consumption rose by about 30%,” MGT director Giancarlo Ravanetti said. “To make our facilities as energy-efficient as possible, we have improved our cooling systems and boilers, upgraded building insulation and increased renewable energy production,” he added. ‘WE DON’T WANT TO BE THE LAST GENERATION TO EAT IT’ The region’s climate-controlled warehouses have become institutions, collectively known as the Bank of Parmigiano. Behind their walls, technology and tradition go hand in hand. Each wheel of Parmigiano Reggiano undergoes strict quality inspections — including X-ray scans — to rule out defects. The cheese is checked weekly by experts who tap each wheel with small hammers, listening for signs of flaws that may have developed during the ageing process. “The human factor remains key and is the real strength of the entire process,” Ravanetti said. Paolo Ganzerli, international sales director at food group GranTerre, which posted consolidated revenue of €1.87 billion in 2025, echoed Ravanetti’s concerns about rising bills. “If extreme events become longer-lasting and more intense, they will certainly have an impact on both the quantity and quality of milk, but above all they will lead to higher costs,” he said. There is a lot at stake. The Parmigiano Reggiano industry generates an estimated €4.5 billion ($5.15 billion) in revenue a year, employing thousands and powering the local economy. In 2025, exports of the cheese accounted for more than 50% of Parmigiano Reggiano’s global sales, with the United States as its largest foreign market. Parmigiano Reggiano “has existed for more than 800 years,” Ganzerli said. “We don’t want to be the last generation to eat it.” ($1 = 0.8744 euros) (Reuters) Subscribe to our Newsletter Latest News Police question person over Saturday bomb threats Hungary parliament set to oust president in Magyar’s power shake-up The six main shareholders and 19-member board behind Cyprus’s new cooperative bank Heavy floods submerge roads, vehicles in northern China EU to appoint Cyprus problem envoy at vice-president level Fire Service rescues injured person from Paralimni cave The TV crisis was 15 years in the making, following €10 million auction in 2010 Follow en.philenews on Google News and be the first to know all the news about Cyprus and the world.